How Technology Hijacks People’s Minds — from a Magician and Google’s Design Ethicist
Estimated reading time: 12 minutes.
“It’s easier to fool people than to convince them that they’ve been fooled.” — Unknown.
I’m an expert on how technology hijacks our psychological vulnerabilities. That’s why I spent the last three years as a Design Ethicist at Google caring about how to design things in a way that defends a billion people’s minds from getting hijacked.
When using technology, we often focus optimistically on all the things it does for us. But I want to show you where it might do the opposite.
Where does technology exploit our minds’ weaknesses?
I learned to think this way when I was a magician. Magicians start by looking for blind spots, edges, vulnerabilities and limits of people’s perception, so they can influence what people do without them even realizing it. Once you know how to push people’s buttons, you can play them like a piano.
And this is exactly what product designers do to your mind. They play your psychological vulnerabilities (consciously and unconsciously) against you in the race to grab your attention.
I want to show you how they do it.
Hijack #1: If You Control the Menu, You Control the Choices
Western Culture is built around ideals of individual choice and freedom. Millions of us fiercely defend our right to make “free” choices, while we ignore how those choices are manipulated upstream by menus we didn’t choose in the first place.
This is exactly what magicians do. They give people the illusion of free choice while architecting the menu so that they win, no matter what you choose. I can’t emphasize enough how deep this insight is.
When people are given a menu of choices, they rarely ask:
- “what’s not on the menu?”
- “why am I being given these options and not others?”
- “do I know the menu provider’s goals?”
- “is this menu empowering for my original need, or are the choices actually a distraction?” (e.g. an overwhelmingly array of toothpastes)
For example, imagine you’re out with friends on a Tuesday night and want to keep the conversation going. You open Yelp to find nearby recommendations and see a list of bars. The group turns into a huddle of faces staring down at their phones comparing bars. They scrutinize the photos of each, comparing cocktail drinks. Is this menu still relevant to the original desire of the group?
It’s not that bars aren’t a good choice, it’s that Yelp substituted the group’s original question (“where can we go to keep talking?”) with a different question (“what’s a bar with good photos of cocktails?”) all by shaping the menu.
Moreover, the group falls for the illusion that Yelp’s menu represents a complete set of choices for where to go. While looking down at their phones, they don’t see the park across the street with a band playing live music. They miss the pop-up gallery on the other side of the street serving crepes and coffee. Neither of those show up on Yelp’s menu.
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from. Is it?
The “most empowering” menu is different than the menu that has the most choices. But when we blindly surrender to the menus we’re given, it’s easy to lose track of the difference:
- “Who’s free tonight to hang out?” becomes a menu of most recent people who texted us (who we could ping).
- “What’s happening in the world?” becomes a menu of news feed stories.
- “Who’s single to go on a date?” becomes a menu of faces to swipe on Tinder (instead of local events with friends, or urban adventures nearby).
- “I have to respond to this email.” becomes a menu of keys to type a response (instead of empowering ways to communicate with a person).
When we wake up in the morning and turn our phone over to see a list of notifications — it frames the experience of “waking up in the morning” around a menu of “all the things I’ve missed since yesterday.” (for more examples, see Joe Edelman’s Empowering Design talk)
By shaping the menus we pick from, technology hijacks the way we perceive our choices and replaces them with new ones. But the closer we pay attention to the options we’re given, the more we’ll notice when they don’t actually align with our true needs.
Hijack #2: Put a Slot Machine In a Billion Pockets
If you’re an app, how do you keep people hooked? Turn yourself into a slot machine.
The average person checks their phone 150 times a day. Why do we do this? Are we making 150 conscious choices?
One major reason why is the #1 psychological ingredient in slot machines: intermittent variable rewards.
If you want to maximize addictiveness, all tech designers need to do is link a user’s action (like pulling a lever) with a variable reward. You pull a lever and immediately receive either an enticing reward (a match, a prize!) or nothing. Addictiveness is maximized when the rate of reward is most variable.
Does this effect really work on people? Yes. Slot machines make more money in the United States than baseball, movies, and theme parks combined. Relative to other kinds of gambling, people get ‘problematically involved’ with slot machines 3–4x faster according to NYU professor Natasha Dow Schull, author of Addiction by Design.
But here’s the unfortunate truth — several billion people have a slot machine their pocket:
- When we pull our phone out of our pocket, we’re playing a slot machine to see what notifications we got.
- When we pull to refresh our email, we’re playing a slot machine to see what new email we got.
- When we swipe down our finger to scroll the Instagram feed, we’re playing a slot machine to see what photo comes next.
- When we swipe faces left/right on dating apps like Tinder, we’re playing a slot machine to see if we got a match.
- When we tap the # of red notifications, we’re playing a slot machine to what’s underneath.
Apps and websites sprinkle intermittent variable rewards all over their products because it’s good for business.
But in other cases, slot machines emerge by accident. For example, there is no malicious corporation behind all of email who consciously chose to make it a slot machine. No one profits when millions check their email and nothing’s there. Neither did Apple and Google’s designers want phones to work like slot machines. It emerged by accident.
But now companies like Apple and Google have a responsibility to reduce these effects by converting intermittent variable rewards into less addictive, more predictable ones with better design. For example, they could empower people to set predictable times during the day or week for when they want to check “slot machine” apps, and correspondingly adjust when new messages are delivered to align with those times.
Hijack #3: Fear of Missing Something Important (FOMSI)
Another way apps and websites hijack people’s minds is by inducing a “1% chance you could be missing something important.”
If I convince you that I’m a channel for important information, messages, friendships, or potential sexual opportunities — it will be hard for you to turn me off, unsubscribe, or remove your account — because (aha, I win) you might miss something important:
- This keeps us subscribed to newsletters even after they haven’t delivered recent benefits (“what if I miss a future announcement?”)
- This keeps us “friended” to people with whom we haven’t spoke in ages (“what if I miss something important from them?”)
- This keeps us swiping faces on dating apps, even when we haven’t even met up with anyone in a while (“what if I miss that one hot match who likes me?”)
- This keeps us using social media (“what if I miss that important news story or fall behind what my friends are talking about?”)
But if we zoom into that fear, we’ll discover that it’s unbounded: we’ll always miss something important at any point when we stop using something.
- There are magic moments on Facebook we’ll miss by not using it for the 6th hour (e.g. an old friend who’s visiting town right now).
- There are magic moments we’ll miss on Tinder (e.g. our dream romantic partner) by not swiping our 700th match.
- There are emergency phone calls we’ll miss if we’re not connected 24/7.
But living moment to moment with the fear of missing something isn’t how we’re built to live.
And it’s amazing how quickly, once we let go of that fear, we wake up from the illusion. When we unplug for more than a day, unsubscribe from those notifications, or go to Camp Grounded — the concerns we thought we’d have don’t actually happen.
We don’t miss what we don’t see.
The thought, “what if I miss something important?” is generated in advance of unplugging, unsubscribing, or turning off — not after. Imagine if tech companies recognized that, and helped us proactively tune our relationships with friends and businesses in terms of what we define as “time well spent” for our lives, instead of in terms of what we might miss.
Hijack #4: Social Approval
We’re all vulnerable to social approval. The need to belong, to be approved or appreciated by our peers is among the highest human motivations. But now our social approval is in the hands of tech companies.
When I get tagged by my friend Marc, I imagine him making a conscious choice to tag me. But I don’t see how a company like Facebook orchestrated his doing that in the first place.
Facebook, Instagram or SnapChat can manipulate how often people get tagged in photos by automatically suggesting all the faces people should tag (e.g. by showing a box with a 1-click confirmation, “Tag Tristan in this photo?”).
So when Marc tags me, he’s actually responding to Facebook’s suggestion, not making an independent choice. But through design choices like this, Facebook controls the multiplier for how often millions of people experience their social approval on the line.
The same happens when we change our main profile photo — Facebook knows that’s a moment when we’re vulnerable to social approval: “what do my friends think of my new pic?” Facebook can rank this higher in the news feed, so it sticks around for longer and more friends will like or comment on it. Each time they like or comment on it, we’ll get pulled right back.
Everyone innately responds to social approval, but some demographics (teenagers) are more vulnerable to it than others. That’s why it’s so important to recognize how powerful designers are when they exploit this vulnerability.
Hijack #5: Social Reciprocity (Tit-for-tat)
- You do me a favor — I owe you one next time.
- You say, “thank you”— I have to say “you’re welcome.”
- You send me an email— it’s rude not to get back to you.
- You follow me — it’s rude not to follow you back. (especially for teenagers)
We are vulnerable to needing to reciprocate others’ gestures. But as with Social Approval, tech companies now manipulate how often we experience it.
In some cases, it’s by accident. Email, texting and messaging apps are social reciprocity factories. But in other cases, companies exploit this vulnerability on purpose.
LinkedIn is the most obvious offender. LinkedIn wants as many people creating social obligations for each other as possible, because each time they reciprocate (by accepting a connection, responding to a message, or endorsing someone back for a skill) they have to come back to linkedin.com where they can get people to spend more time.
Like Facebook, LinkedIn exploits an asymmetry in perception. When you receive an invitation from someone to connect, you imagine that person making a conscious choice to invite you, when in reality, they likely unconsciously responded to LinkedIn’s list of suggested contacts. In other words, LinkedIn turns your unconscious impulses (to “add” a person) into new social obligations that millions of people feel obligated to repay. All while they profit from the time people spend doing it.
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Welcome to social media.
Imagine if technology companies had a responsibility to minimize social reciprocity. Or if there was an independent organization that represented the public’s interests — an industry consortium or an FDA for tech — that monitored when technology companies abused these biases?
Hijack #6: Bottomless bowls, Infinite Feeds, and Autoplay
Another way to hijack people is to keep them consuming things, even when they aren’t hungry anymore.
How? Easy. Take an experience that was bounded and finite, and turn it into a bottomless flow that keeps going.
Cornell professor Brian Wansink demonstrated this in his study showing you can trick people into keep eating soup by giving them a bottomless bowl that automatically refills as they eat. With bottomless bowls, people eat 73% more calories than those with normal bowls and underestimate how many calories they ate by 140 calories.
Tech companies exploit the same principle. News feeds are purposely designed to auto-refill with reasons to keep you scrolling, and purposely eliminate any reason for you to pause, reconsider or leave.
It’s also why video and social media sites like Netflix, YouTube or Facebook autoplay the next video after a countdown instead of waiting for you to make a conscious choice (in case you won’t). A huge portion of traffic on these websites is driven by autoplaying the next thing.
Tech companies often claim that “we’re just making it easier for users to see the video they want to watch” when they are actually serving their business interests. And you can’t blame them, because increasing “time spent” is the currency they compete for.
Instead, imagine if technology companies empowered you to consciously bound your experience to align with what would be “time well spent” for you. Not just bounding the quantity of time you spend, but the qualities of what would be “time well spent.”
Hijack #7: Instant Interruption vs. “Respectful” Delivery
Companies know that messages that interrupt people immediately are more persuasive at getting people to respond than messages delivered asynchronously (like email or any deferred inbox).
Given the choice, Facebook Messenger (or WhatsApp, WeChat or SnapChat for that matter) would prefer to design their messaging system to interrupt recipients immediately (and show a chat box) instead of helping users respect each other’s attention.
In other words, interruption is good for business.
It’s also in their interest to heighten the feeling of urgency and social reciprocity. For example, Facebook automatically tells the sender when you “saw” their message, instead of letting you avoid disclosing whether you read it (“now that you know I’ve seen the message, I feel even more obligated to respond.”)
By contrast, Apple more respectfully lets users toggle “Read Receipts” on or off.
The problem is, maximizing interruptions in the name of business creates a tragedy of the commons, ruining global attention spans and causing billions of unnecessary interruptions each day. This is a huge problem we need to fix with shared design standards (potentially, as part of Time Well Spent).
Hijack #8: Bundling Your Reasons with Their Reasons
Another way apps hijack you is by taking your reasons for visiting the app (to perform a task) and make them inseparable from the app’s business reasons (maximizing how much we consume once we’re there).
For example, in the physical world of grocery stores, the #1 and #2 most popular reasons to visit are pharmacy refills and buying milk. But grocery stores want to maximize how much people buy, so they put the pharmacy and the milk at the back of the store.
In other words, they make the thing customers want (milk, pharmacy) inseparable from what the business wants. If stores were truly organized to support people, they would put the most popular items in the front.
Tech companies design their websites the same way. For example, when you you want to look up a Facebook event happening tonight (your reason) the Facebook app doesn’t allow you to access it without first landing on the news feed (their reasons), and that’s on purpose. Facebook wants to convert every reason you have for using Facebook, into their reason which is to maximize the time you spend consuming things.
Instead, imagine if …
- Twitter gave you a separate way to post an Tweet than having to see their news feed.
- Facebook gave a separate way to look up Facebook Events going on tonight, without being forced to use their news feed.
- Facebook gave you a separate way to use Facebook Connect as a passport for creating new accounts on 3rd party apps and websites, without being forced to install Facebook’s entire app, news feed and notifications.
In a Time Well Spent world, there is always a direct way to get what you want separately from what businesses want. Imagine a digital “bill of rights” outlining design standards that forced the products used by billions of people to let them navigate directly to what they want without needing to go through intentionally placed distractions.
Hijack #9: Inconvenient Choices
We’re told that it’s enough for businesses to “make choices available.”
- “If you don’t like it you can always use a different product.”
- “If you don’t like it, you can always unsubscribe.”
- “If you’re addicted to our app, you can always uninstall it from your phone.”
Businesses naturally want to make the choices they want you to make easier, and the choices they don’t want you to make harder. Magicians do the same thing. You make it easier for a spectator to pick the thing you want them to pick, and harder to pick the thing you don’t.
For example, NYTimes.com lets you “make a free choice” to cancel your digital subscription. But instead of just doing it when you hit “Cancel Subscription,” they send you an email with information on how to cancel your account by calling a phone number that’s only open at certain times.
Instead of viewing the world in terms of availability of choices, we should view the world in terms of friction required to enact choices. Imagine a world where choices were labeled with how difficult they were to fulfill (like coefficients of friction) and there was an independent entity — an industry consortium or non-profit — that labeled these difficulties and set standards for how easy navigation should be.
Hijack #10: Forecasting Errors, “Foot in the Door” strategies
Lastly, apps can exploit people’s inability to forecast the consequences of a click.
People don’t intuitively forecast the true cost of a click when it’s presented to them. Sales people use “foot in the door” techniques by asking for a small innocuous request to begin with (“just one click to see which tweet got retweeted”) and escalate from there (“why don’t you stay awhile?”). Virtually all engagement websites use this trick.
Imagine if web browsers and smartphones, the gateways through which people make these choices, were truly watching out for people and helped them forecast the consequences of clicks (based on real data about what benefits and costs it actually had?).
That’s why I add “Estimated reading time” to the top of my posts. When you put the “true cost” of a choice in front of people, you’re treating your users or audience with dignity and respect. In a Time Well Spent internet, choices could be framed in terms of projected cost and benefit, so people were empowered to make informed choices by default, not by doing extra work.
Summary And How We Can Fix This
Are you upset that technology hijacks your agency? I am too. I’ve listed a few techniques but there are literally thousands. Imagine whole bookshelves, seminars, workshops and trainings that teach aspiring tech entrepreneurs techniques like these. Imagine hundreds of engineers whose job every day is to invent new ways to keep you hooked.
The ultimate freedom is a free mind, and we need technology that’s on our team to help us live, feel, think and act freely.
We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first. People’s time is valuable. And we should protect it with the same rigor as privacy and other digital rights.
Tristan Harris was a Product Philosopher at Google until 2016 where he studied how technology affects a billion people’s attention, wellbeing and behavior. For more resources on Time Well Spent, see http://timewellspent.io.
UPDATE: The first version of this post lacked acknowledgements to those who inspired my thinking over many years including Joe Edelman, Aza Raskin, Raph D’Amico, Jonathan Harris and Damon Horowitz.
My thinking on menus and choicemaking are deeply rooted in Joe Edelman’s work on Human Values and Choicemaking.
Recommendations from Pocket Users
Casey Newton
Great overview of some dark patterns in product design.
For example, in the physical world of grocery stories, the #1 and #2 most popular reasons to visit are pharmacy refills and buying milk. But grocery stores want to maximize how much people buy, so they put the pharmacy and the milk at the back of the store.
Manoush Zomorodi
Techie friend of our Note to Self podcast on what happens inside your head
Josh Constine
Why social networks are built to be addictive and need to change
Tiffany Zhong
Must-read.
Guillaume Laforge
Very interesting article on how most websites and businesses steal our time and force us to consume more. What if there were some ethical label that favors sites / businesses that respect our valuable time and true agenda?
Kushan
What a Brilliant, Brilliant article is this!
tomas Bella
For example, NYTimes.com lets you “make a free choice” to cancel your digital subscription. But instead of just doing it when you hit “Cancel Subscription,” they send you an email with information on how to cancel your account by calling a phone number that’s only open at certain times.
Maxime Thirouin
How Technology Hijacks People’s Minds — from a Magician and Google’s Design Ethicist
Rodrigo Franco
Spot on.
Sar Haribhakti
BRILLIANT.
Herval Freire
Interesting thoughts on how software is designed to hook us in
Nicolas Fallourd
This medium is really essential when it comes to understand user behavior 👍🏻
Andy Stevens
Over de psychologische trukendoos die technologiebedrijven gebruikenom ons bij hen te houden.
Marco Frattola
Deviazioni mentali di origine digitale #fb
Akhil Unnikrishnan
Everything about this post seems familiar on reading and you start realizing just how much work goes into making tech products addictive.
Paul Brody
Fantastic must-read for people thinking about design and everyone using it.
Christopher Penn
A vitally important read.
Ryan Wilkins
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from. Is it?
The “most empowering” menu is different than the menu that has the most choices. But when we blindly surrender to the menus we’re given, it’s easy to lose track of the difference
Micah Daigle
This is very good.
Nikhil Joseph
If you’ve ever been concerned about how you consume technology and why it’s so hard to change, read this.
Rex Arul
Where does technology exploit our minds’ weaknesses?
Rex Arul
Once you know how to push people’s buttons, you can play them like a piano
Rex Arul
By shaping the menus we pick from, technology hijacks the way we perceive our choices and replaces them new ones
Rex Arul
average person checks their phone 150 times a day. Why do we do this? Are we making 150 conscious choices?
Rex Arul
If you want to maximize addictiveness, all tech designers need to do is link a user’s action (like pulling a lever) with a variable reward.
Rex Arul
Slot machines make more money in the United States than baseball, movies, and theme parks combined
Rex Arul
now companies like Apple and Google have a responsibility to reduce these effects by converting intermittent variable rewards into less addictive, more predictable ones with better design
Rex Arul
But living moment to moment with the fear of missing something isn’t how we’re built to live
Rex Arul
Like Facebook, LinkedIn exploits an asymmetry in perception. When you receive an invitation from someone to connect, you imagine that person making a conscious choice to invite you, when in reality, they likely unconsciously responded to LinkedIn’s list of suggested contacts. In other words, LinkedIn turns your unconscious impulses (to “add” a person) into new social obligations that millions of people feel obligated to repay. All while they profit from the time people spend doing it
Rex Arul
The problem is, maximizing interruptions in the name of business creates a tragedy of the commons, ruining global attention spans and causing billions of unnecessary interruptions each day
Rex Arul
ultimate freedom is a free mind, and we need technology that’s on our team to help us live, feel, think and act freely
Jochen Lillich
Eye-opening article about how Facebook, YouTube & Co. manipulate us into spending time on their websites.
rahul .poruri
Stop everything you’re doing and read this! Right now!
Shreeniwas Iyer
Eye Opening:
Vsevolod Solovyov
How Technology Hijacks People’s Minds – в общем-то, все это знают, но хорошо просуммировано.
eve massacre
When we pull our phone out of our pocket, we’re playing a slot machine to see what notifications we got.
Saager Mhatre
Of course, Tristan Harris left put how he slighted you to provide his shiny new service a boatload of traffic by using his ex-Googler credentials, the hook of being a magician as well as how he wants to help you ensure your time on The Internet is ‘Time Well Spent’®™
Santiago Alonso
If you want to maximize addictiveness, all tech designers need to do is link a user’s action (like pulling a lever) with a variable reward. You pull a lever and immediately receive either an enticing reward (a match, a prize!) or nothing. Addictiveness is maximized when the rate of reward is most variable.
Martin Soler
Some very good points on how tech is stealing our time. I’ve already mentioned how I don’t think tech companies should measure their success based on how much of our time they have taken. That metric will backfire. It can’t do anything else.
The article lacks some concrete recommendations. Especially on the menu section. Yes we aren’t shown what isn’t there but do we really want unlimited choice?
Enjoy the read.
Elad
Fascinating.
Norbert Fernandes
The ultimate freedom is a free mind, and we need technology that’s on our team to help us live, feel, think and act freely.
We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first. People’s time is valuable. And we should protect it with the same rigor as privacy and other digital rights.
Gary-Yau Chan
This keeps us subscribed to newsletters even after they haven’t delivered recent benefits (“what if I miss a future announcement?”)
This keeps us “friended” to people with whom we haven’t spoke in ages (“what if I miss something important from them?”)
This keeps us swiping faces on dating apps, even when we haven’t even met up with anyone in a while (“what if I miss that one hot match who likes me?”)
This keeps us using social media (“what if I miss that important news story or fall behind what my friends are talking about?”)
Anton Gorodetsky
Как технологии пользуются нашими слабостями, автор — человек, 3 года отвечавший в Гугл за этику продукта. Здесь — все основные техники давления: грубые нотификации, бесконечные ленты, auto play, «страх пропустить», неполные меню и т.п. Будет полезно и тем, кто реально ощущает переизбыток соцсетей и медиа в своей жизни, и тем, кто намерен делать на этом деньги
Marcin Puś
ciekawe i dobrze podane
Jérémie Pottier
maximizing interruptions in the name of business creates a tragedy of the commons, ruining global attention spans and causing billions of unnecessary interruptions each day.
Kenny Meyers
There are very few articles that later my perception of tech. I love this one.
Kenny Meyers
There are very few articles that alter my perception of technology. This is a great one.
Josh Cunningham
Very important read for consumers and creators of the web. A contrast to the book Hooked, which I liked but made me uneasy thinking about implementing features to unconsciously draw people in.
Keya Madhvani
Cannot recommend this more — working at a Tech company, I know most of these things to be true, but seeing it listed out here in this way, really draws out the challenge we’re facing as a society.
Wietse Van Ransbeeck
imagine if technology companies empowered you to consciously bound your experience to align with what would be “time well spent” for you. Not just bounding the quantity of time you spend, but the qualities of what would be “time well spent
Nils Öhman
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from. Is it?
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from. Is it?
Viktor Voronin
Brilliant analogies on intermittent variable rewards we get online
Mourad DACHRAOUI
Social media, in a nutshell.
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Welcome to social media.
Jai Vipra
Excellent
Cheryl Hsu
They give people the illusion of free choice while architecting the menu so that they win, no matter what you choose.
Cheryl Hsu
The “most empowering” menu is different than the menu that has the most choices
Andrew Eisenberg
There is a fine line between tech that we want to use and tech that hijacks us
Mathieu D
a must read
Christophe Pasquier
Imagine if technology companies had a responsibility to minimize social reciprocity. Or if there was an independent organization that represented the public’s interests — an industry consortium or an FDA for tech — that monitored when technology companies abused these biases?
Daniel Hopkins
Time well spent sounds like a worthy goal to me
Akshay Ratan
Brilliant read to consider how we spend our day immersed in technology. Think again!
We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first. People’s time is valuable. And we should protect it with the same rigor as privacy and other digital rights.
Neal McQuaid
An amazing article
Jason Siegel
Whoa
Lukas
Well formulated fallout of attention economy.
Marat
This is great.
Ker Metanoia Oliva
No such thing as free lunch; no such thing as free mind.
Kimberli Zhong
The ultimate freedom is a free mind, and we need technology that’s on our team to help us live, feel, think and act freely.
Jose Menor
The Wizard of Oz is a drug dealer, do yourself a favor and read this
Jonathan Cohen
But the closer we pay attention to the options we’re given, the more we’ll notice when they don’t actually align with our true needs.
Jonathan Cohen
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Jonathan Cohen
That’s why I add “Estimated reading time” to the top of my posts. When you put the “true cost” of a choice in front of people, you’re treating your users or audience with dignity and respect
David Burns
Amazing read
Daniel Noll
Last piece of dystopia for the day. I find it worthwhile (for the purposes of my own sanity and productivity) to be aware of how easily my buttons can be pressed by technology. Upshot lesson = embrace the useful, ditch the distraction.
When using technology, we often focus optimistically on all the things it does for us. But I want to show you where it might do the opposite.
Bill Wanjohi
Technology companies definitely need more “design ethicists” in the conversation.
Nadir Sidi
Cell phones are basically slot machines.
Derek Coatney
Excellent read. Interesting both as a consumer and a PM.
Matt Chamberlain
Very interesting.
Bran Dolicki
For example, in the physical world of grocery stories, the #1 and #2 most popular reasons to visit are pharmacy refills and buying milk. But grocery stores want to maximize how much people buy, so they put the pharmacy and the milk at the back of the store.
In other words, they make the thing customers want (milk, pharmacy) inseparable from what the business wants. If stores were truly organized to support people, they would put the most popular items in the front.
Tech companies design their websites the same way. For example, when you you want to look up a Facebook event happening tonight (your reason) the Facebook app doesn’t allow you to access it without first landing on the news feed (their reasons), and that’s on purpose. Facebook wants to convert every reason you have for using Facebook, into their reason which is to maximize the time you spend consuming things.
Bran Dolicki
incidentally, this is what assistant bots do.
In an ideal world, apps would always give you a direct way to get what you want separately from what they want.
Bran Dolicki
We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first. People’s time is valuable. And we should protect it with the same rigor as privacy and other digital rights.
Holly Dowell
As a UX designer, I cringe at the cynicism of the article (may technologists are truly trying to create a helpful experience for you), but fully acknowledge the psychological aspect. It’s an important side of technology to consider.
Holly Dowell
Fascinating read. As a UX designer, I can say not all design is malicious, but this is an important side of technology to be aware of.
Justin Matich
Great piece
Vitor Capela
A lot to chew on. This is a topic I think about constantly, and struggle with just as frequently. A free mind is a privilege we should guard dutifully.
Nikhil Somaru
Required reading if you care about the direction technology is going in
Pranav Rao
Things get really interesting from Hijack #2 .
Cristen Jones
A must-read!!
Thomas van der Straten
“It’s easier to fool people than to convince them that they’ve been fooled.”
The Rambling Teapot
Google’s Design Ethicist (and a former magician) reflects on how social media apps use dark patterns to hijack our agency, and what “freedom” in choice we have left.
“Magicians start by looking for blind spots, edges, vulnerabilities and limits of people’s perception, so they can influence what people do without them even realizing it. Once you know how to push people’s buttons, you can play them like a piano.
And this is exactly what product designers do to your mind. They play your psychological vulnerabilities (consciously and unconsciously) against you in the race to grab your attention.
“People don’t intuitively forecast the true cost of a click when it’s presented to them.
“We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first. People’s time is valuable. And we should protect it with the same rigor as privacy and other digital rights.”
More like advices to make addictive service
Lowell Bander
The thought, “what if I miss something important?” is generated in advance of unplugging, unsubscribing, or turning off — not after.
Joe Owens
They’re inside your mind!
Amazing review of how facebook et al use UX design to make you do what they want. #MustRead
Pallavi Thampi
We don’t miss what we don’t see.
Pallavi Thampi
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Welcome to social media.
Joakim Ejenstam
Spend a thought about why you respond to services suggestions. Is this what I/my friends want me to do?
Facebook, Instagram or SnapChat can manipulate how often people get tagged in photos by automatically suggesting all the faces people should tag (e.g. by showing a box with a 1-click confirmation, “Tag Tristan in this photo?”).
Pere Monguio Montells
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Welcome to social media.
Rin Raj
❤ the new light
Tobias Kehl
Perfect read to think about the whole weekend. And spend your time well next week 😉
Dan Blănaru
a must read
pablo apiolazza
For those who think that we live in the age of free will.
Antoine Lizée
This is an awesome read on current aggressive PM trends and their deleterious side-effects on our lives.
Radoslav Šonský
totally worth the 12 minutes 😉
Jason Pearson
“Millions of us fiercely defend our right to make “free” choices, while we ignore how those choices are manipulated upstream by menus we didn’t choose in the first place.”
Western Culture is built around ideals of individual choice and freedom. Millions of us fiercely defend our right to make “free” choices, while we ignore how those choices are manipulated upstream by menus we didn’t choose in the first place
Craig Rowe
Insightful discussion of the ethics of UX
Ed Hammerton
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from.
Joël Costamagna
it’s that Yelp substituted the group’s original question (“where can we go to keep talking?”) with a different question (“what’s a bar with good photos of cocktails?”)
Aditya Chincholi
Design Ethics are truly needed in order to ensure a world that is governed by people and not tech companies
Clive Richards
Superb read. Very insightful #recommended
Trenten Babcock
brilliant and quite unnerving
Julie Leary
New angle on the war against technology
Pavel Shut
Пра механізмы сацыяльных сетак як змарнаваць як мага больш вашага часу. Well worth a read
Chris Le
Snares everywhere to indulge impulses!
We need our smartphones, notifications screens and web browsers to be exoskeletons for our minds and interpersonal relationships that put our values, not our impulses, first.
Aleksey Khodakovskiy
Simple ways to access and hijack our psychological vulnerabilities + how facebook, instagram and other applications do it with you everyday
Surprisingly insightful, it’s about dark patterns in product design, and how they are used to keep you hooked.
Remi Lacoste
A nice overview of how the internet is built that everyone should read.
Igor Carvalho
Um interessante olhar aos triques que nem percebemos
Jan Pleis@theholisticview
Some amazing ideas and insights on design. A must read for everyone who is at least a bit interested in design.
Justin Eckrich
Another clue to what my next business is all about. Going to be epic.
Fiona MacDougall
Excellent article on the #psychology behind #tech #design. Now I’m noticing all kinds of sneaky hijacks…
Jaydeep Singh
Wonderful read. Also what a cool job “product philosopher” and studying “design ethics”
Tony Mann
Slot machines make more money in the United States than baseball, movies, and theme parks combined.
Falko Noe
We’re all vulnerable to social approval. The need to belong, to be approved or appreciated by our peers is among the highest human motivations. But now our social approval is in the hands of tech companies.
Charles Lestari
Estimated reading time: 12 minutes
Naomi Fennell
Wow. Worth the read. Very insightful. After reading this I feel like I have been brainwashed by technology.
Niall McCullagh
Gamification of user experiences
Alex Vanacker
A thorough article on how we are modeled by tech firms to use their products, and how to let go.
Sydney Fliorent
and
Minn Kim
This. Plus So glad this led to Joe Edelman’s talk https://vimeo.com/123488311 #design
But the closer we pay attention to the options we’re given, the more we’ll notice when they don’t actually align with our true needs.
Vivien Siu
good read for product / designers with a great message.
Gavin Dluehosh
Instead of viewing the world in terms of availability of choices, we should view the world in terms of friction required to enact choices.
Fran Kee
great
N.M Jafari
good
Fang Jie
Where does technology exploit our minds’ weaknesses?
George Proimakis
Incredible work! Many thanks!
DT Pham
estern Culture is built around ideals of individual choice and freedom. Millions of us fiercely defend our right to make “free” choices, while we ignore how those choices are manipulated upstream by menus we didn’t choose in the first place.
This is exactly what magicians do. They give people the illusion of free choice while architecting the menu so that they win, no matter what you choose. I can’t emphasize enough how deep this insight is.
Alex Coelho
Don’t forget, 12 well spent minutes!
Estimated reading time: 12 minutes.
Rolf Thijsen
But here’s the unfortunate truth — several billion people have a slot machine their pocket:
When we pull our phone out of our pocket, we’re playing a slot machine to see what notifications we got.
Chin yee ann
Worth reading it 👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻
Ryan Pramberg
dang this was good. definitely putting sone of these into practice in my life
Rich Hall
Excellent article – now I need to try my best to not implement these in any of the digital ad units I build 😉
Szabolcs Bokonyi
Amazing article about Technology’s mindfucks
Cedrick Song
Like push
But now companies like Apple and Google have a responsibility to reduce these effects by converting intermittent variable rewards into less addictive, more predictable ones with better design. For example, they could empower people to set predictable times during the day or week for when they want to check “slot machine” apps, and correspondingly adjust when new messages are delivered to align with those times.
Wen Luo
product designers or user experience designers’ job is not to provide user best product. They are aim to trick users in a merciful way to let them believe all of this is for their good.
Jo Hetland
Good insight, to the point
Photo
Humberto Brasiliense
Vale a pena conferir!
Srg Kas
“..this is exactly what product designers do to your mind. They play your psychological vulnerabilities (consciously and unconsciously) against you in the race to grab your attention.”
Once you know how to push people’s buttons, you can play them like a piano.
Srg Kas
“Millions of us fiercely defend our right to make “free” choices, while we ignore how those choices are manipulated upstream by menus we didn’t choose in the first place.”
Western Culture is built around ideals of individual choice and freedom.
Srg Kas
The more choices technology gives us in nearly every domain of our lives (information, events, places to go, friends, dating, jobs) — the more we assume that our phone is always the most empowering and useful menu to pick from. Is it?
Srg Kas
We’re all vulnerable to social approval. The need to belong, to be approved or appreciated by our peers is among the highest human motivations. But now our social approval is in the hands of tech companies.
Srg Kas
Everyone innately responds to social approval, but some demographics (teenagers) are more vulnerable to it than others.
Srg Kas
Imagine millions of people getting interrupted like this throughout their day, running around like chickens with their heads cut off, reciprocating each other — all designed by companies who profit from it.
Welcome to social media.
Srg Kas
“Tech companies exploit the same principle. News feeds are purposely designed to auto-refill with reasons to keep you scrolling, and purposely eliminate any reason for you to pause, reconsider or leave.’
you can trick people into keep eating soup by giving them a bottomless bowl that automatically refills as they eat.
Srg Kas
“In an ideal world, there is always a direct way to get what you want separately from what businesses want.”
The ultimate freedom is a free mind, and we need technology that’s on our team to help us live, feel, think and act freely.
Abigail Young
Definitely worth the read
Priyanka Bamnikar
Very interesting point if view. Loved it
Michał Nowakowski
How internet deceives you
çağla Tekeli
çeşitli paylasim uygulamalari anksiyete, dikkat dağınıklığı, depresif semptomlar ve zaman kaybına neden olur. Bunlara nasıl sebep olduğunu anlatan yazı.
çağla Tekeli
paylaşım uygulamaları kaygı, dikkat dağınıklıği ve depresif semptomlara neden oluyor. Zaman kaybettiriyor. bu uygulamaların hangi yöntemlerle kişileri kendine bağladığını anlatan yazı.
Eugenia Chapman
Time well spent
prashant bisht
while
Bernat Riera
Very interesting.
Grzegorz Wierzowiecki
Must read for all living in our beginnings of digital age.
Great article closely related to http\:// imewellspent.io/ .
Grzegorz Wierzowiecki
Must read for all living in our beginnings of digital age.
Great article closely related to http://timewellspent.io/ .
PjotBekks
Engineering distraction.
– 12 Minutes –
Christina Lee
urban
We don’t miss what we don’t see.
George Allen
Interesting article on the tricks used to keep you on social media and other sites. I often find my phone a distraction from the real world and try my best to limit my dependence on it. Knowing these tactics is useful in combating them. Remember that you should control your technology and not let it control you.
Antoaneta Angelova
I just cannot recommend this article enough.
agoracampusvirtual 
Leaves you wondering: “where is this going?” After all, can this kind of intrusiveness be sustainable in the long term?
LikeLiked by 1 person
I believe it’ll trigger the opposite reaction in many people and many will get back to the old ways. History is like a wheel.
LikeLiked by 1 person
Yeah, probably not ☺
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